Stub entry: single definition derived from the NIST trustworthy-AI glossary; sector-specific readings not yet documented — contributions welcome.
In its most general sense correlation denoted the interdependence between quantitative or qualitative data. In this sense it would include the association of dichotomised attributes and the contingency of multiply-classified attributes.
NIST AIRC, The Language of Trustworthy AI glossary (public-domain compilation), entry 'correlation', definition attributed to OECD